
The state of 3GPP after the latest meetings
What was decided, what is moving and what comes next, from primary 3GPP documents.
- Reports
- RAN1#126-bis · SA2#177
Just decided


Meeting report · Architecture · Rel-20
SA2#177 in Prague: 6G core principles agreed, architecture choice moved to November

Meeting report · Radio · Rel-20
RAN1#126-bis in Jeju: 6G cell search takes shape, the big radio choices move to Calgary

Preview · Architecture · Rel-20
Sleeping base stations, 5G voice and AI in the core: 6G's October choices
- NR sidelink, Release 16–19: from vehicle links to relay chainsFeature · D2D · Rel-16—Rel-19
Over four releases, NR sidelink grew from a direct vehicle-to-vehicle link into a toolbox of power saving, relaying, multi-path, shared-spectrum and multi-hop features that let a UE reach other UEs and the network well beyond direct radio range.
- RAN#113: 6G migration postponed, NTN scope revised, 5G-Advanced lines drawnMeeting report · RAN Plenary · Rel-20
In five agenda items spanning 6G and 5G-Advanced, RAN's September plenary postponed the migration decision to December (RAN#114), approved a revised NTN scope, kept looser transmitter rules out of Rel-20 5G-Advanced, and earmarked power boosting as a potential 6G objective.
- 6G Takes Shape: What the August 2026 Working Groups Actually AgreedRoundup · Architecture · Rel-20
Eleven agreed contributions entered the 6G architecture report in August. IMS voice carries over, the control/user-plane split loses its optional variants, slicing identifiers stay unchanged - and the AI architecture is still undecided. With the Release 21 schedule that says when any of it becomes a specification.
Decided next
What the next meetings have to settle
Open disputes and the meetings where they are due, from plenary and working-group documents.
Now
6G: study agreements, not yet a normative standard. 4 open questions wait for the next 2 meeting weeks.
Calgary · working groups
RAN1#127 · On the agenda · 6G radio How long may a 6G base station stay silent?
RAN1 chooses the length of the synchronization block (4, 5 or 6 symbols) and its default period for initial cell search, from 20 to 160 ms. The period sets how long a cell can stay silent, the core of 6G network energy saving.
Sources: RAN1#126-bis draft report, R1-2608788In the 6G monitor →RAN1#126-bis report →
RAN2#136 · Next chance · 5G-Advanced radio Which system information will carry early channel feedback?
RAN1 could not choose between SIB1 and a new SIB and left the choice to RAN2. RAN1 requires only that the configuration reaches the phone before MSG3.
SA2#178 · Deadline · 6G core Which overall architecture will the 6G core use?
SA2 has three candidate architectures that differ in where AI sits, and the SA plenary wants a choice no later than this meeting. In informal October polls, 46 companies to 7 wanted essential connectivity to work without AI; AI agents as a core part of the architecture drew 16 yes and 32 no.
Sources: S2-2610852, S2-2611243, S2-2611351, S2-2611359In the 6G monitor →SA2#177 report →
Boston · plenaries
RAN#114 · On the agenda · 6G migration How will phones move between 5G and 6G?
RAN#113 kept 6G standalone with spectrum sharing as the base case and postponed any additional option to December. A 14-company coalition led by Samsung, Qualcomm and NTT DOCOMO wants 6G-anchored dual connectivity; Nokia and Ericsson reject every dual-connectivity and dual-stack variant; CMCC, Orange and satellite operators want dual registration, which the core architects must confirm first.
Sources: RP-262262, RP-261880, RP-261840, S2-2611399In the 6G monitor →RAN#113 report →
Updated 25 Oct 2026. Meeting dates from the 3GPP meeting calendar; a meeting can postpone a decision again.
From 5G to 6G
What 6G keeps from 5G, and what it raises
Study agreements, not yet a normative standard. Release 20 establishes requirements and technical direction. Release 21 is expected to carry the normative 6G specifications.
- Rel-19 · 5G-AdvancedAI/ML and Ambient IoTThe second 5G-Advanced release. 1,835 specifications →
- Rel-20 · now6G study, 5G-Advanced continuesRequirements and technical direction for 6G. 352 specifications so far →5G-Advanced Stage 3 freeze planned for Mar 2027
- Rel-21 · nextNormative 6G specificationsExpected to carry the first 6G specifications. What is agreed so far →Planned: Stage 3 freeze Dec 2028, ASN.1 freeze Mar 2029
Release dates are 3GPP plans, not achieved freezes (checked 25 Oct 2026): Rel-19, Rel-20, Rel-21
| Target | 5G | 6G |
|---|---|---|
| Theoretical peak data rate | 20 / 10 Gbit/s | 36 / 18 Gbit/s |
| Connection density | 10⁶ devices/km² | 10⁶ devices/km² |
| Radio latency target | 1 ms | 1 ms |
| Basic waveform (downlink · uplink) | CP-OFDM · CP-OFDM or DFT-s-OFDM | CP-OFDM · CP-OFDM or DFT-s-OFDM |
| 5th-percentile spectral efficiency | 0.225 / 0.15 bit/s/Hz | 0.675 / 0.45 bit/s/Hz |
| Horizontal positioning | 3 m indoor · 10 m outdoor (80% of UEs, Rel-16) | 0.75 m indoor · 6 m urban macro (90% of UEs) |
Sources: 5G 3GPP 38.913, 3GPP 38.211, 3GPP 37.910, 3GPP 38.855, 3GPP 38.857; 6G 3GPP 38.914 and RAN plenary agreements. 6G values are study requirements, not yet a normative standard. Compare 5G and 6G in the technology monitor →
From the archive
3GPP Quarterly · September 2026
70 decisions from 13 meetings
The decisions of the quarter, sorted by topic.
- Radio: Bands, RF & NR Evolution · 24 decisions5G phones will get channel feedback within milliseconds of connecting
- 6G · 20 decisions6G migration splits the industry three ways, and the choice slips to RAN#114
- Satellites, NTN & HAPS · 10 decisionsSatellite phones without GPS: per-beam reference points agreed, two-root PRACH narrowed
Earlier issues: June 2026 · March 2026 · December 2025 · September 2025 · June 2025 · March 2025
Technology Briefings
Technologies that made it into a release
One work item at a time: who backed it and which specifications change.
- Rel-203GPP closes its post-quantum study and starts rewriting 5G security profiles
- Rel-195G femtocells finally get a real specification
- Rel-20Mobile networks are getting an energy label — and a knob to act on it
How the network is built, and where each part is specified.
The network, part by part
Open the network map →Device
The phone or module: subscriber identity, power saving and the signalling it exchanges with the network.
Radio access
Base stations and the air interface: how the device finds a cell, gets scheduled and keeps the link.
8 key terms · 2 specifications
5G Core
Network functions behind the radio: registration, sessions, policy and routing of user data.
8 key terms · 2 specifications
Services
What runs on top of the connection: voice over IMS, mission-critical push-to-talk, broadcast and location.
6 key terms · 2 specifications
Security
Authentication, key agreement and protection of signalling between networks.
Management & charging
Operating the network: configuration models, self-organisation, drive-test data and charging.
Six releases of 5G
All releases from GSM to Rel-20 →- Topics
- 5G NRLTESatellite (NTN)5G CoreNetwork slicingIMS & voicePositioningSidelink & V2XEdge computingChargingUMTSTestingAll topics →
- Often looked up
- TS 38.331TS 23.501AMFLMFNTNGlossary A–Z
Everything here comes from primary 3GPP sources: meeting documents, chair notes, the work plan and the specifications on the 3GPP file server. Each report links the documents it is based on. How we work →